 | | A vigil on Monday for the victims of the San Bernardino, Calif., shooting. Monica Almeida/The New York Times | Your Tuesday Briefing By ADEEL HASSAN |
| Good morning. |
| Here's what you need to know: |
| • California rampage's aftermath. |
| The married couple who killed 14 people in a mass shooting last week in San Bernardino, Calif., had long been "radicalized," the F.B.I. says, and was inspired, though not directed by, the Islamic State. |
| Silicon Valley's efforts to crack down on the use of social media by terrorists are being criticized as weak, while the U.S. is planning to change its terrorism alert system. |
| And the Supreme Court's refusal to hear a Second Amendment challenge to a Chicago suburb's ban on semiautomatic assault weapons shows at least tacit approval of strict gun control laws. |
| • Trumps's latest firestorm. |
| The leading contender for the Republican presidential nomination, Donald J. Trump, called for a "total and complete shutdown" of Muslims entering the country, drawing condemnation from his rivals. |
| The statement comes as a new poll shows Ted Cruz erasing Mr. Trump's lead in Iowa. |
| • Change in America's whitest state. |
| Lewiston, Maine's second-largest city, has a large population of refugees, mostly Muslims from war-torn Somalia. |
| Today's mayoral election could define the city's future amid the demographic change. |
| • Chasing a climate deal. |
| The number of automobiles on the world's roads is on pace to double — to more than two billion — by the year 2030. |
| It is likely that most of those cars will be burning carbon-emitting gasoline or diesel fuels. Here's the latest from the U.N.-sponsored climate talks. |
| • On the campaign trail. |
| Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont is in Baltimore today to meet with community and religious leaders. He'll also tour the neighborhood where Freddie Gray was arrested before dying in police custody, and he will appear on "The Tonight Show" on NBC. |
| And Hillary Clinton, who has been criticized for her ties to the financial industry, received crucial support from Senator Elizabeth Warren. |
| • Capitol Hill's deadline. |
| Congress faces a Friday deadline for funding federal agencies and keeping the government open. A House-Senate agreement is expected this week, but a short extension of current funding may be needed to wrap things up. |
| Amid the negotiating, it's worth noting how much the leadership style of Speaker Paul D. Ryan differs from that of his predecessor, John A. Boehner. |
| • Mideast resolutions? |
| For the first time since the Syria conflict began nearly five years ago, armed and political factions that oppose President Bashar al-Assad are meeting to create a common position from which to negotiate with the government. |
| Talks between the Syrian government and the opposition could begin in January. |
| In Yemen, the government and Houthi rebels could start peace talks next week, as both sides appear willing to accept a cease-fire in their nine-month-old war. |
| • Biden in Ukraine. |
| Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr. addresses the Ukrainian Parliament today and meets the mayor of Kiev, the former professional boxer Vitali Klitschko. |
| Mr. Biden says the U.S. still supports Ukraine in its war with pro-Russian separatists, even as Washington tries to cooperate with Moscow on Syria. |
|
| • Year of mercy. |
| Pope Francis pushed open today the Holy Door of St. Peter's Basilica to formally begin the 12-month Jubilee of Mercy, to encourage pilgrimages. |
| Holy Years are usually held every 25 years, but the last one was in 2000, for the Roman Catholic Church's third millennium. |
| BUSINESS |
| • Japan's latest recession turns out not to have been a recession at all. The government said today that the economy grew at a relatively strong pace last quarter. |
| • The Federal Trade Commission is suing to block Staples from making its more than $6 billion proposed acquisition of its rival office supplier Office Depot. |
| • Many 401(k) plans include the stocks of gun manufacturers, but options are growing for investors who do not want such companies in their portfolios. |
| • Wall Street stock futures are negative. European markets are down, and Asian indexes finished sharply lower. |
| NOTEWORTHY |
| • "Airpocalypse." |
| Officials in Beijing have declared that the thick smog blanketing the city was bad enough to require a red alert, the first time they have raised the alarm to its highest level, angering and confusing residents. |
| • Teacher at Yale resigns. |
| A Yale lecturer who was criticized for challenging students to stand up for their right to decide what Halloween costumes to wear, even if they were culturally offensive, has resigned from teaching at the college. |
| • Sports roundup. |
| The Dallas Cowboys defeated the Washington Redskins, 19-16, on a 54-yard field goal with nine seconds to play, on Monday Night Football. |
| In a rare move, Cuba will allow a defector into the U.S. during a Major League Baseball tour. And the league will investigate an accusation of domestic violence made against Aroldis Chapman, the All-Star closer for the Cincinnati Reds. |
| • What to read? |
| More than 80 book critics from outside Britain got together and ranked the 100 greatest British novels. |
| At the top: 5. Jane Eyre (Charlotte Brontë); 4. Great Expectations (Charles Dickens); 3. Mrs. Dalloway (Virginia Woolf); 2. To the Lighthouse (Virginia Woolf); 1. Middlemarch (George Eliot). |
| • On TV. |
| Jon Stewart returned to "The Daily Show" on Monday night, as a guest, to push for renewing a health law that helps 9/11 rescue workers. |
| And our band of critics names the "Best TV Shows of 2015." |
| BACK STORY |
| It has been about 50 years since the "one person-one vote" principle — enshrined in the U.S. in the 14th Amendment's equal protection clause — was reaffirmed by a ruling that state legislative districts must contain about equal numbers of people. |
| Before that, district numbers could vary widely, which gave more power to rural white voters than to those in more diverse cities. |
| Today, the Supreme Court will hear a challenge to the law and a related case. |
| For decades, most states have counted all people who live in a district — just like the census from which they get their data — even if they are not eligible to vote. (Officials represent everyone in a district, not just voters.) |
| Counting all people increases the voting power in areas with large numbers of residents who cannot vote, like legal immigrants who are not citizens, undocumented immigrants, children or people with felony records. Those places tend to be urban and to vote Democratic. |
| Now the justices are being asked to define the meaning of "one person, one vote." |
| It's this term's most important case on voting, and the decision, expected in June, could sway elections across the U.S. |
| Your Morning Briefing is published weekdays at 6 a.m. Eastern and updated on the web all morning. |
| What would you like to see here? Contact us at briefing@nytimes.com. |
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