Cień dnia (1): Fwd: Science Times: Meet Luca, the Ancestor of All Living Things

środa, 27 lipca 2016

Fwd: Science Times: Meet Luca, the Ancestor of All Living Things

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From: NYTimes.com <nytdirect@nytimes.com>
Date: Tue, Jul 26, 2016 at 1:33 PM
Subject: Science Times: Meet Luca, the Ancestor of All Living Things
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Monday, July 25, 2016		NYTimes.com/Science »

Monday, July 25, 2016

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William F. Martin says that the Last Universal Common Ancestor can be traced back to deep sea vents like this one off the Galápagos. Universal History Archive/UIG, via Getty Images

Meet Luca, the Ancestor of All Living Things

By NICHOLAS WADE

A single-cell, bacterium-like organism clinging to volcanic sea vents may have been the forebear of every animal, plant and microbe on earth.

Claire Walker Johnson, 55, of Queens, developed Type 2 diabetes and a fatty liver, among other problems related to obesity, despite weighing only 119 pounds. She eventually found she had lipodystrophy, a rare genetic disorder.

Andrew White for The New York Times

The Science of Fat

Skinny and 119 Pounds, but With the Health Hallmarks of Obesity

By GINA KOLATA

A small group of thin patients who develop disorders typically tied to obesity pose a medical mystery and a potential opportunity for scientists.

A new map based on brain scan data collected by the Human Connectome Project. The data revealed 97 new regions, bringing the total to 180.

Matthew F. Glasser, David C. Van Essen

Updated Brain Map Identifies Nearly 100 New Regions

By CARL ZIMMER

Data from 1,200 brain scans performed as part of the Human Connectome Project allowed researchers to unveil the brain's hidden geography.

Orlando Yassene, a Yao honey-hunter, holding a male greater honeyguide that was temporarily captured for research in the Niassa National Reserve in Mozambique.

Claire Spottiswoode

In Africa, Birds and Humans Form a Unique Honey Hunting Party

By NATALIE ANGIER

Tribesmen and honeyguides share an ancient pact and communicate in trills and grunts, scientists report. The shared goal: beehives full of honey and wax.

Antoine Maillard

Evolution Is Happening Faster Than We Thought

By MENNO SCHILTHUIZEN

In the extremity of the urban environment, natural selection is transforming species in unexpected ways.

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A false-color image of Venus's cloud tops, captured by the Venus Express spacecraft from a distance of 30,000 kilometers in 2011.

How Mountains Obscured by Venus's Clouds Reveal Themselves

By NICHOLAS ST. FLEUR

Data from Europe's Venus Express spacecraft has helped researchers better understand the hurricane-like winds that blast the second planet from the sun.

Evernia lichens with protruding lobes, like the species E. prunastri shown above, contain a type of fungus called basidiomycete yeast. These yeasts are newly thought to be involved in lichen symbiosis.

Two's Company, Three's a Lichen?

By STEPH YIN

New research challenges the one fungus-one alga paradigm of how lichens form.

Personality Change May Be Early Sign of Dementia, Experts Say

By PAM BELLUCK

A new diagnosis, mild behavioral impairment, is being proposed, including a 34-question checklist to one day identify people at greater risk for Alzheimer's.